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{"id":831,"date":"2021-12-06T11:03:15","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T10:03:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/?p=831"},"modified":"2023-01-16T19:40:48","modified_gmt":"2023-01-16T18:40:48","slug":"zakon-o-zastiti-podataka-o-licnosti-doneo-brojne-promene-i-dileme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/2021\/12\/06\/zakon-o-zastiti-podataka-o-licnosti-doneo-brojne-promene-i-dileme\/","title":{"rendered":"ZAKON O ZA\u0160TITI PODATAKA O LI\u010cNOSTI DONEO BROJNE PROMENE I DILEME"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kad besplatno nije za d\u017eabe<\/p>\n

U Evropskoj uniji je, u maju 2018. godine, na snagu stupila Op\u0161ta uredba o za\u0161titi podataka (GDPR) koja je podatke o li\u010dnosti stavila pod za\u0161titu bez presedana. Srbija se potrudila da, makar u pravnom smislu, isprati ove promene i tako poku\u0161a da uhvati korak s promenama koje je u poslovne i privatne odnose donela globalizacija kao posledica digitalizacije u internet eri. Otkako je po\u010deo da se primenjuje u avgustu 2019, Zakon o za\u0161titi podataka o li\u010dnosti doneo je prili\u010dan red u ovu oblast, ali se otpori, i to na svim nivoima, i dalje de\u0161avaju. U \u010demu je problem?<\/p>\n

Pre svega, tekst na\u0161eg zakona u najve\u0107oj meri predstavlja adaptirani prevod GDPR-a (General Data Protection Regulation), kao i tzv. Policijske direktive koja ure\u0111uje na\u010din na koji nadle\u017eni organi mogu da obra\u0111uju podatke o li\u010dnosti, kao i kad su u pitanju krivi\u010dni postupci i pretnje nacionalnoj bezbednosti. Ipak Preambula GPR-a nije u potpunosti preuzeta, a time i njene odredbe kojima se ograni\u010davaju prava na za\u0161titu podataka o li\u010dnosti zarad drugih interesa koji su odre\u0111enom kontekstu va\u017eniji od interesa privatnosti. Pravo na za\u0161titu podataka svakako nije apsolutno pravo, a kako su neke dru\u0161tvene oblasti i socijalne grupe posebno osetljive, ovaj sklizak teren nije lako premre\u017eiti ni u ure\u0111enijim zemljama od na\u0161e. Preambulom se poja\u0161njava dejstvo uredbe, preciziranjem vrste i na\u010dina za\u0161tite koja se primenjuje na fizi\u010dka lica, bez obzira na njihove godine, dr\u017eavljanstvo ili prebivali\u0161te, odnosno, ukazuje na to da se aktom ne obuhvataju obrade podataka o li\u010dnosti koji se ti\u010du pravnih lica, uklju\u010duju\u0107i poslovno ime, formu i kontakt podatke. A \u0161ta kad toga nema?<\/p>\n

Onda dobijemo poprili\u010dno otvoren prostor za razli\u010dite vrste manipulacija ili, u najboljem slu\u010daju, meandriranje izme\u0111u dozvoljenog i moralno prihvatljivog. Ovime se obilato koriste kompanije koje podatke o li\u010dnosti uspevaju da prikupe, pa \u010dak i prodaju tre\u0107im licima, bez saglasnosti samog korisnika. Iako se, kada se govori o zloupotrebi podataka, najvi\u0161e spominju dru\u0161tvene mre\u017ee, kompanije koriste sve ostale podatke koje gra\u0111ani, \u010desto bez svesti o tome \u0161ta rade, dele sa zainteresovanim stranama, \u0161to posledi\u010dno dovodi do kontraefekta \u2013 umesto da va\u0161 boravak na internetu bude optimizovan i usredsre\u0111en na va\u0161e potrebe, osim negativnog uticaja na privatnost podataka, svakako \u0107ete biti i predmet marketin\u0161kih i prodajnih kampanja koje, ne samo da vas ne interesuju, ve\u0107 i oduzimaju va\u0161e vreme i rezultuju sporijim pretra\u017eivanjem interneta, gubljenjem \u017eivaca i generalno, mr\u017enjom prema prozorima s ponudama za sokovnike, koji su se pojavili kad ste tra\u017eili prirodan lek protiv goru\u0161ice.<\/p>\n

A kada do\u0111e do zloupotrebe podataka, ona je naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e \u2013 u marketin\u0161ke svrhe. Tek kada gra\u0111ani dobiju telefonski poziv firme za koju nikada ranije nisu \u010duli, a koja im prodaje posteljinu, ku\u0107nu opremu ili nagradnu ve\u010deru u zamenu za set jastuka s peglom, ljudi shvate da su na neki, njima nerazumljiv na\u010din, postali sredi\u0161te zakulisnih igara, ne znaju\u0107i ni kome da se obrate, ni kako da re\u0161e problem i spre\u010de ne\u017eeljene pozive ili SMS poruke i mejlove, ne znaju\u0107i \u010dak ni da li su uop\u0161te \u017ertve. O politi\u010dkim kampanjama da i ne govorimo.<\/p>\n

U ovom trenutku postoje dve adrese kojima se korisnik mo\u017ee obratiti kako bi re\u0161io problem: Poverenik za informacije od javnog zna\u010daja koji mo\u017ee dati nalog za postupanje, i Sektor za visokotehnolo\u0161ki kriminal MUP-a Republike Srbije. Ipak, Poverenik bi trebalo da je poslednja stanica u liniji za\u0161tite li\u010dnih podataka \u2013 izuzetno je va\u017eno podizati svest, kako korisnika, tako i obra\u0111iva\u010da podataka, o potrebi za\u0161tite li\u010dnih podataka gra\u0111ana.<\/p>\n

Najva\u017enija stvar je nau\u010diti korisnike na to da ka\u017eu \u201ene\u201c. Naravno da ne mo\u017eemo o\u010dekivati da svaki gra\u0111anin poznaje odredbe svih zakona koje dr\u017eava propisuje, ali jeste neophodno u\u010diti ljude da se svaki podatak koji oni dobrovoljno daju na netu, mo\u017ee zloupotrebiti. Svedoci smo tome gotovo svaki dan, kad se u aferama koje ni\u010du gotovo iz sata u sat, koriste li\u010dni podaci s otvorenih naloga na dru\u0161tvenim mre\u017eama. Gra\u0111ani treba da znaju da ni\u0161ta \u0161to im se nudi besplatno ustvari nije za d\u017eabe. Fejsbuk, Instagram, Tviter, Tik-tok, mre\u017ee su koje vam nude svoj prostor da objavljujete misli, \u010destitate ro\u0111endane, ka\u010dite selfije i slike s letovanja, a svaki taj podatak ove firme koriste da bi zainteresovanim ogla\u0161iva\u010dima vas prodali kao deo ciljne grupe jer su u su\u0161tini oni vlasnici prostora koji ste vi pozajmili, u zamenu za otvorenost va\u0161ih podataka. Onog trenutka kad ste, bez \u010ditanja sitnih slovaca u delu \u201eodredbe ugovora\u201c kliknuli na \u201eda\u201c, prepustili ste pravim gazdama sve svoje \u017eeljene i ne\u017eeljene podatke, uklju\u010duju\u0107i i li\u010dne poruke i slike. Da li \u0107e one, na zahtev nadle\u017enih organa, jednog dana postati deo nekog dokaznog materijala, zavisi samo od va\u0161eg pona\u0161anja na javnom mestu kao \u0161to je internet. A tu se treba dr\u017eati zlatnog pravila \u201epi\u0161em sve ono \u0161to bih ina\u010de pisao na tarabi\u201c, jer nemate nikakvu kontrolu nad tim ko mo\u017ee da pro\u010dita i zloupotrebi.<\/p>\n

Ivana Radoi\u010di\u0107<\/p>\n

OKVIR<\/p>\n

Kola\u010di\u0107i<\/p>\n

Otkako je donet Zakon o za\u0161titi podataka o li\u010dnosti, svest prose\u010dnog korisnika najvi\u0161e se zadr\u017eala na \u010dinjenici da mnogi sajtovi od njih tra\u017ee da im dozvole upotrebu takozvanih \u201ckola\u010di\u0107a\u201d. Oni, na\u017ealost, nisu \u010dokoladni s kokosom, ve\u0107 kratki tekstualni zapis koji veb stranica mo\u017ee da ostavi na hard disk posetioca stranice, a koji omogu\u0107ava veb stranici da \u010duva odre\u0111ene informacije na ra\u010dunaru korisnika i da ih kasnije po potrebi ponovo preuzme. Kola\u010di\u0107i se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e koriste za statistiku, njima stranica prati koliko \u010desto i \u0161ta naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e otvarate , ali i na \u0161ta sve klik\u0107ete, \u0161ta pretra\u017eujete, koje sajtove pose\u0107ujete i za\u0161to. Pa kad vam slede\u0107i put isko\u010di reklama za nove patike, budite sigurni da ste vi ili neko od va\u0161ih uku\u0107ana ranije pretra\u017eivali neku internet ponudu sportske opreme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kad besplatno nije za d\u017eabe U Evropskoj uniji je, u maju 2018. godine, na snagu stupila Op\u0161ta uredba o za\u0161titi podataka (GDPR) koja je podatke o li\u010dnosti stavila pod za\u0161titu bez presedana. Srbija se potrudila da, makar u pravnom smislu, isprati ove promene i tako poku\u0161a da uhvati korak s promenama koje je u poslovne […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=831"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":832,"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/831\/revisions\/832"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/securityacademy.rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}